Winter Squash Seeds, Illinois
(Cucurbita mixta). he legendary pumpkin of the South famously favored by Abraham Lincoln’s family is a Native American squash with a rich history. Our foundation seed came from collector Kevin McCarty, who writes that the variety was grown continuously on a particular Illinois farm from 1830 to 1980, the original seed having been provided by Abraham Lincoln’s parents! Indeed, according to historical record, Thomas Lincoln purchased seeds for Cushaw squash at the trading post in Lexington, Ky, took it home and grew it on his farm in Hodgenville, KY. When the Lincolns moved to Indiana and finally, Illinois, their beloved family heirloom Cushaw joined them. Also known as White Crookneck Pumpkin, the custardy, dry flesh is outstanding in pies and other traditional squash recipes. The flavor is rich and buttery and subtly sweet, which makes it widely versatile. Many old timers prepare the flesh just like potatoes, which is how we like them, just sautéed with a bit of garlic and olive oil. Southerners consider it the standard for pumpkin pie. This big, white fruit is oblong with a few faint small, green stripes, a crooked neck and bulbous bottom. The large vines are vigorous and especially well suited to the south and central U.S. Popular in southern Illinois, often cultivated in cornfields. Grow this most delectable piece of American history!
- Sprouts in 7–14 days
- Days to harvest: 100–120 days
- Full sun
- Planting depth: 1 inch
- Plant spacing: 48 to 60 inches
- Ideal temperature: 75°F to 95°F
- Frost hardy? No
Growing Tips
Illinois squash grows best in full sun with rich, well-draining soil. Mulching around plants retains moisture and suppresses weeds. Regular, deep watering during hot, dry spells is crucial for healthy fruit production. Applying organic fertilizer every 3–4 weeks will boost vigorous vine growth and fruit set for maximum yield.
When to Grow
Start seeds indoors about 3–4 weeks before the last frost, or direct sow outdoors after the soil has warmed to at least 70°F. In longer-season climates, an early summer planting is also possible. If you’re not sure how to find your first and last frost dates, consult our blog post 'Our Experts Answer Questions, Share Resources.'
How to Sow and Plant
Plant Illinois squash seeds 1 inch deep into fertile, loose soil. Sow seeds 48–60 inches apart, giving the long vines plenty of space to spread. Mound planting improves drainage and warms soil faster in spring. Water thoroughly after planting to support strong, even germination.
How to Grow
Thin seedlings to the strongest plants after sprouting. Allow vines to sprawl or gently guide the vines to your preferred spot. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Harvest mature squash when rinds are tough and stems begin to dry and crack near the fruit.
How to Save
- There are four different species of squash: Cucurbita maxima, C. pepo, C. moschata, and C. mixta. They will not cross pollinate with each other, so it is possible to grow one of each species for seed saving without worrying about cross pollination.
- If you are planning to grow several varieties of more than one species, you can bag the blossoms and hand pollinate to avoid crossing.
- Whether it is a summer or winter squash, you must let the fruit completely mature before extracting the seeds, and cure for at least two weeks.
- Scoop the seeds, place them in a bucket, and add just enough water to cover. Let sit at room temperature to ferment for two days before rinsing off the pulp.
- Lay seeds out to dry on newspaper or paper plates.
- Stored in a cool, dry place, seeds will remain viable for up to four years
FAQ
How long does it take for Illinois squash seeds to germinate?
Illinois squash seeds typically sprout in 7 to 14 days under ideal conditions. Soil temperatures between 75°F and 95°F encourage the fastest and most even germination rates
Can Illinois squash be grown in small gardens?
These sprawling, vigorous vines are probably not the best for small gardens. They do not trellis well and require extra support for developing fruit. Choose a bush variety if space is at a premium in your garden.
How should I store Illinois squash after harvest?
After harvesting, cure Illinois squash in a warm, dry place for about 10 days. Once cured, store them in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area for up to six months.
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Winter Squash Seeds, Illinois
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