Milkweed Seeds,
Gay Butterflies

In spring, start seed indoors 6-8 weeks before your last frost date, or sow directly outdoors once the soil can be worked. Give the seed 30 days of cold, moist stratification in the refrigerator first, in damp sand or a moist paper towel in a bag; an outdoor fall sowing or a winter-sowing jug is the no-fridge alternative. Plant 1/8 inch deep and look for seedlings in 14-21 days; 65-75 F is the ideal germination temperature. Transplant only after all chance of frost has passed, repotting as needed so the long taproot always has room. Set plants 2 to 3 feet apart in full sun for a citrusy mix of Meyer lemon, tangerine and orange blooms from mid to late summer.

Seeds germinate in 14-21 days.

Milkweed seed requires stratification, aka cold treatment, in order to germinate, Baker Creek milkweed seed comes pre-stratified, however, it is best to store your milkweed seed packs in the fridge or a cold location before planting. If you are using this growing guide to germinate hand-harvested seeds from milkweed pods, please follow the stratification steps below.

• Direct sow outdoors as soon as soil can be worked or early spring, alternatively, you can start seeds in trays indoors, 6-8 weeks before last frost date.
• Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep.
• Ideal germination temperature is 65-75 F.
• Be aware that milkweed seeds sprout a long taproot, and if they become potbound, the plants will suffer, so be sure to carefully transplant seedlings to larger pots to give the root systems space to grow. Carefully transplant out after all chance of frost has passed.

Stratification instructions for your own saved seed:

• Milkweed seeds require a cold period in order to germinate. You can direct sow your seeds in the fall or winter. The cold winter exposure will break the seeds' dormancy and they will easily germinate in spring. Alternatively, you can mimic winter's chill in your own home.
• Spread seeds on a moist (but not soaking wet) paper towel, then fold it in half and then half again.
• Place the quartered paper towel into a zip-top plastic bag and press to seal. You want the seeds to stay moist, so the bag must be sealed.
• Store in your fridge for 30-60 days. (30 days is sufficient for A. incarnata, A. tuberosa and A. speciosa.) Remove from fridge about 6 weeks before last frost and start indoors following the above guide.

• Prefers full sun.
• Provide well-drained soil. Swamp milkweed prefers moderately moist soil and can tolerate wet feet or grow in dry land.
• Plant spacing will vary depending on species of milkweed. Ascepias incarnata reaches 3-6 feet tall and can be spaced 2-3 feet apart. Asclepias speciosa reaches 3-6 feet in height and can be spaced 2-3 feet apart. Asclepias tuberosa reaches 1.5-2 feet in height and can be spaced 1-1.5 feet apart.
• Plants are fairly water-thrifty, especially after becoming established.
• Perennial plants may not bloom in first year from planting, however in the first year, non-blooming plants can still host monarch caterpillars and be useful to the monarch population even before blooming.

PESTS/SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

• A fairly pest-free plant.
• Please never spray milkweed with pesticides, as this plant is very attractive to a number of useful insects!

Saving sunflower seeds is very easy!

• Milkweed pods will be ready for harvest when they can be easily split with a light squeeze of the hand.
• Seeds are mature when they are dark brown in color.
• Gently squeeze pods to open and separate seeds from silks.
• Once seeds have been separated, dry them for about a day in a warm, dry location.
• Store seeds in a cool, dry place; ideally in a sealed bag in the fridge.
• Don't forget that saved seeds will need stratification in order to sprout. You can achieve this by fall/winter sowing seeds or following the stratification guidelines in the seed starting/germination section of this growing guide.