Clay Cowpea on a white background.
Clay Cowpeas arranged on copper patina background.
Clay Cowpea on a white background.
Clay Cowpeas arranged on copper patina background.

Cowpea Seeds,
Clay

4.77 ReviewsSKU: #CW102Min. seed count: 50
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Description

(Vigna unguiculata). Introducing a true Southern gem: J.T. Harris’s heirloom clay peas! This African American variety was a staple in the kitchens of the south for generations, famed for their flavor and hardiness.—talk about a historical bite! We’re thrilled to have unearthed this living treasure from the 1860s. These rare, earthy-colored peas were sourced from our buddy J.T. Harris in East Texas. Known for their resilience and incredible flavor, they’ve been passed down since 1867. Thanks to J.T.,  their legacy is still going strong. Enjoy a taste of tradition with these flavorful, time-tested peas! 

Growing Tips: Clay cowpeas are low-maintenance, drought-tolerant legumes that enhance soil fertility and structure. Known for quick canopy development, they suppress weeds effectively. Excellent for both forage and dry seed use, they grow well in sandy to loamy soils with good drainage. Avoid waterlogged areas. They can thrive with minimal fertilization thanks to their nitrogen-fixing capabilities.

Plant Details

Botanical Name
Vigna unguiculata
Life Cycle
Annual
Growth Habit
Vining
Sun Requirement
Full sun
Days to Germinate
5–10
Days to Maturity
70–100
Planting Depth
1–2 in.
Plant Spacing
4–6 in.
Ideal Temperature
70–95°F
Frost Hardy
No

When to Grow

Plant Clay cowpeas once the soil has warmed above 65°F and the risk of frost has passed. In warmer regions, they can be sown multiple times from late spring through midsummer for extended coverage or harvest. If you’re not sure how to find your first and last frost dates, consult our blog post 'Our Experts Answer Questions, Share Resources.'

How to Sow and Plant

Soaking seeds for 24 hours before planting can speed up germination. Sow Clay cowpea seeds directly into prepared, weed-free soil. Place seeds 1 to 2 inches deep and 4 to 6 inches apart in rows spaced 18 to 30 inches apart. Press soil firmly over the seeds and water lightly. For dense cover cropping, broadcast seed and lightly rake in for even coverage and germination.

How to Grow

Clay cowpeas need minimal irrigation once established but benefit from consistent watering during early growth and flowering. Fertilization is rarely necessary unless soil is severely depleted. Keep rows weeded early on, as vigorous growth quickly forms a canopy. Monitor for aphids and stink bugs. Pods can be harvested green or dried on the vine for seed use.

How to Save Seeds

  • Allow pods to fully mature and dry on the plant
  • Harvest when pods are brown and brittle, and seeds rattle inside
  • Shell pods and collect seeds
  • Remove debris and inspect for damage or insect presence
  • Dry seeds thoroughly for 1–2 weeks in a shaded, airy spot
  • Store in a cool, dry, airtight container labeled with date and variety

FAQ

Can Clay cowpeas be used as a green manure crop?

Yes, Clay cowpeas are excellent for green manure. Their vigorous growth and nitrogen-fixing roots make them ideal for improving soil before planting heavy feeders like corn or brassicas.

How do Clay cowpeas compare to other cowpeas in drought conditions?

Clay cowpeas are highly drought-tolerant and perform better than many other legumes in dry, hot climates. Once established, they require minimal supplemental irrigation, making them ideal for sustainable agriculture.

Are Clay cowpeas edible?

Yes, the seeds are edible and can be used similarly to other cowpeas or black-eyed peas. While they are also prized for cover cropping, they produce a nutritious, protein-rich food when harvested as dry beans.

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