California Blackeye Pea Cowpea dried and fresh on a white background.
California Blackeye Pea fresh, dried and with sauteed greens.
California Blackeye Pea in multiple shades.
California Blackeye Pea Cowpea dried and fresh on a white background.
California Blackeye Pea fresh, dried and with sauteed greens.
California Blackeye Pea in multiple shades.

Cowpea Seeds,
California Blackeye Pea

4.812 ReviewsSKU: #CW108Min. seed count: 50
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Description

(Vigna unguiculata). An old standard variety with vigorous, high-yielding vines. Thomas Jefferson grew Blackeye peas in the 1770s. Originating in Africa, cowpeas are easy to grow and are very popular in the South. A very ancient crop. The vines also produce excellent “greens” for cooking!

Growing Tips: California Blackeye Peas are a heat-loving, drought-tolerant variety ideal for summer growing. They thrive in loose, well-drained soils and benefit from organic compost. These peas grow vigorously and produce high yields when properly spaced and watered during flowering. Companion planting with corn or okra can maximize garden space and reduce pest issues naturally. Longer vines may need support.

Plant Details

Botanical Name
Vigna unguiculata
Life Cycle
Annual
Growth Habit
Pole
Sun Requirement
Full sun
Days to Germinate
5–10
Days to Maturity
60–90
Planting Depth
1–2 in.
Plant Spacing
4–6 in.
Ideal Temperature
70–95°F
Frost Hardy
No

When to Grow

Sow California Blackeye Pea seeds after the last spring frost when the soil temperature has reached at least 65°F. In warmer climates, multiple sowings can extend the harvest. Avoid early planting in cool soil, which can stunt growth or delay germination. If you’re not sure how to find your first and last frost dates, consult our blog post 'Our Experts Answer Questions, Share Resources.'

How to Sow and Plant

Soaking seeds for 24 hours before planting can speed up germination. Plant seeds directly in garden beds or containers enriched with compost. Sow seeds 1 to 2 inches deep and 4 to 6 inches apart in rows spaced 18 to 30 inches apart. Ensure good soil contact and water well after planting. Thinning is rarely needed, but avoid overcrowding for better airflow and pod development.

How to Grow

Water deeply once or twice a week depending on rainfall, especially during flowering and pod fill. Minimize nitrogen-rich fertilizers, which promote excessive leaf growth at the expense of pods. Support may be needed for taller plants. Keep beds weed-free and monitor for pests like aphids or thrips. Harvest pods once they reach full size for fresh use or let them dry for storage beans.

How to Save Seeds

  • Allow pods to fully mature and dry on the plant
  • Harvest when pods are brittle and seeds rattle inside
  • Shell pods and collect seeds
  • Remove debris and inspect for damage or insect presence
  • Dry seeds thoroughly for 1–2 weeks in a shaded, airy spot
  • Store in a cool, dry, airtight container labeled with date and variety

FAQ

Can I grow California Blackeye Peas in northern climates?

Yes, but they require a full, warm growing season. Start seeds after all danger of frost has passed. Raised beds and black plastic mulch can help warm the soil faster.

Why are my California Blackeye Peas not germinating?

Cool or overly wet soil can hinder germination. Make sure the soil temperature is above 65°F and that drainage is sufficient to avoid seed rot. Do not oversaturate immediately after planting

Are California Blackeye Peas good for soil improvement?

Absolutely. As legumes, they fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil through symbiosis with rhizobia bacteria. They make an excellent green manure crop when turned into the soil at the end of the season.

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